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\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 (2014\u20132020)<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>\u0639\u064f\u062f\u0651\u0644\u062a \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062b\u0629 \u0633\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a 2014 \u06482017\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0629\u00bb \u0648\u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0629\u00bb \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 2144 \u0639\u0627\u0645 (2014) \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 2238 \u0639\u0627\u0645 (2015) \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 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\u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0640:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0638\u0644\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627.<\/li>\n<li>\u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a.<\/li>\n<li>\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0635 \u0641\u062c\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u062d\u062f\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0635 \u062a\u0639\u0637\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0645\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0625\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 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\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0634\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u064a\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0624\u0633\u0633 \u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642.<\/p>\n<p>\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639<\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[1]<\/a> \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0649\u060c \u0648 \u0647\u0634\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0634\u064a\u0631. \u201c\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a.\u201d<em> \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f <\/em>16\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 15 (\u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648 2022): \u0635 415<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\">[2]<\/a> JOS\u00c9 S. VERICAT AND MOSADEK HOBRARA.&#8221; From the Ground Up: UN Support to Local Mediation in Libya&#8221;.International Peace Institute.2018.p.7<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref3\" name=\"_ftn3\">[3]<\/a> Amal Hamada, Melike S\u00f6kmen and Chahir Zaki.&#8221; Investigating The Libyan Conflict and Peace-Building Process: Past Causes and Future Prospects&#8221;. The Economic Research Forum. Working Paper No. 1383. March 2020.p.16<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref4\" name=\"_ftn4\">[4]<\/a> Ibid.p.16<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref5\" name=\"_ftn5\">[5]<\/a> Bundesregierung, Berlin Conference on Libya, Conference Report, January 19, 2020, (Berlin: Bundesregierung, 2020), accessed November 15, 2025, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bundesregierung.de\/resource\/blob\/974430\/1713866\/e66014334ba687c3cd89f0cc8c092c67\/2020-01-19-berlin-conference-on-libya-data.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.bundesregierung.de\/resource\/blob\/974430\/1713866\/e66014334ba687c3cd89f0cc8c092c67\/2020-01-19-berlin-conference-on-libya-data.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref6\" name=\"_ftn6\">[6]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0648\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u060c <em>&#8220;<\/em><em>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0639\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627:<\/em> <em>\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627<\/em><em>&#8220;<\/em>\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062d\u0629: \u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u060c 2024)\u060c \u06352<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref7\" name=\"_ftn7\">[7]<\/a> \u00a0Patrick Wintour<em>, Libya: credible elections \u2013 or another failed bid at nation-building<\/em>, The Guardian, 2021.at: <\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref8\" name=\"_ftn8\">[8]<\/a> Reuters, Libya&#8217;s UN Mission forms panel to propose ways to solve election impasse, Feb 2025. At: <\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref9\" name=\"_ftn9\">[9]<\/a> UNSMIL\u060c Advisory Committee Report and Recommendations\u060c 2025.at: <\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref10\" name=\"_ftn10\">[10]<\/a> \u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u0627\u0646\u0645\u064a\u060c \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0631\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627 4 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a\u201d\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c (21 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 2025)\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649: <\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref11\" name=\"_ftn11\">[11]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u201c\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0639\u0648\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u201d (20 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2024).\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649: <\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref12\" name=\"_ftn12\">[12]<\/a> UNSMIL. \u201c\u0628\u0639\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u062d\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0646\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a.\u201d 23 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2020\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649: <a href=\"https:\/\/unsmil.unmissions.org\/unsmil-welcomes-agreement-between-libyan-parties-permanent-country-wide-ceasefire-agreement\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/unsmil.unmissions.org\/unsmil-welcomes-agreement-between-libyan-parties-permanent-country-wide-ceasefire-agreement<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref13\" name=\"_ftn13\">[13]<\/a> \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f\u202f\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e\u060c \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645\u064a\u0629: \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u061f\u201d\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0640\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f 9\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f1 2024\u060c \u0635134<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref14\" name=\"_ftn14\">[14]<\/a> Muriel Asseburg,Wolfram Lacher and Mareike Transfeld. <em>Mission Impossible<\/em><em>?<\/em><em> UN Mediation in Libya, Syria and Yemen <\/em>. SWP Research Paper 8. Berlin: German Institute for International and Security Affairs, October 2018. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.swp-berlin.org\/publications\/products\/research_papers\/2018RP08_Ass_EtAl.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.swp-berlin.org\/publications\/products\/research_papers\/2018RP08_Ass_EtAl.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref15\" name=\"_ftn15\">[15]<\/a> International Crisis Group. \u201cThe Libyan Political Agreement: Time for a Reset.\u201d 2019.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref16\" name=\"_ftn16\">[16]<\/a> Mattia Toaldo, &#8220;A Quick Guide to Libya\u2019s main players.&#8221; European Council on Foreign Relations (ECFR), 2016.at: <a href=\"https:\/\/ecfr.eu\/special\/mapping_libya_conflict\/?utm_source=chatgpt.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/ecfr.eu\/special\/mapping_libya_conflict\/?utm_source=chatgpt.com<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref17\" name=\"_ftn17\">[17]<\/a> Jalel Harchaoui and Bernardo Mariani, Fragmentation of Peacemaking in Libya: Reality and Perception, Global Transitions Series, PeaceRep, 2022.p.11<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref18\" name=\"_ftn18\">[18]<\/a> \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0646\u0627\u062a\u064a\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0646 2016 \u0625\u0644\u0649 2024 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629&#8221;. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f 1 (\u0639\u062f\u062f 2)\u060c 2025\u060c \u0635. 379.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref19\" name=\"_ftn19\">[19]<\/a> International Commission of Jurists and Lawyers for Justice in Libya<em>, Stability Through Accountability: Why Libya Needs an International Human Rights Mechanism<\/em> (March 2025), Geneva, ICJ \/ LFJL, .p.14 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.icj.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/ICJ-x-LFJL-Position-Paper_Libya_Stability-Through-Accountability_EN.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.icj.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/ICJ-x-LFJL-Position-Paper_Libya_Stability-Through-Accountability_EN.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref20\" name=\"_ftn20\">[20]<\/a> Alfonso Casani, and Beatriz Mesa. \u201cPolitical Elites and Regional Powers in the Conflict in Libya.\u201d Revista CIDOB d\u2019Afers Internacionals 135 (2023): 182. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24241\/rcai.2023.135.3.169\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24241\/rcai.2023.135.3.169<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref21\" name=\"_ftn21\">[21]<\/a> Renad Mansour and Mark White, &#8220;Why Peacebuilding Fails and What to Do about It: Evidence from Conflict Economies in the Middle East and Africa&#8221;, Middle East and North Africa Programme, Chatham House, June 2025,p.24\u061b <a href=\"https:\/\/www.chathamhouse.org\/sites\/default\/files\/2025-06\/2025-06-11-why-peacebuilding-fails-mansour-white_0.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.chathamhouse.org\/sites\/default\/files\/2025-06\/2025-06-11-why-peacebuilding-fails-mansour-white_0.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref22\" name=\"_ftn22\">[22]<\/a> \u0639\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0649\u060c \u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628: \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644. \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2022\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649:<\/p>\n<p>Https:\/\/futureuae.com\/ar\u2011AE\/Mainpage\/Item\/7702\/\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629\u2011\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628\u2011\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u2011\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0629\u2011\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629\u2011\u0628\u064a\u0646\u2011\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627\u2011\u0648\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629\u2011\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0629\u2011\u0641\u064a\u2011\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629\u2011\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref23\" name=\"_ftn23\">[23]<\/a> Renad Mansour and Mark White.Op.cit.p.24<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref24\" name=\"_ftn24\">[24]<\/a> Arab Center Washington D.C. <em>Understanding Egypt&#8217;s Strategy in Libya.<\/em> Washington, D.C.: Arab Center Washington D.C., August 20, 2020. Accessed November 25, 2025. <a href=\"https:\/\/arabcenterdc.org\/resource\/understanding-egypts-strategy-in-libya\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/arabcenterdc.org\/resource\/understanding-egypts-strategy-in-libya\/<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref25\" name=\"_ftn25\">[25]<\/a> World Bank Group. Country Engagement Note for the State of Libya for the Period January 2023\u2013December 2024. Washington, DC: World Bank Group, 2023. Accessed November 25, 2025. .P.6 <a href=\"https:\/\/documents1.worldbank.org\/curated\/en\/099925001132337711\/pdf\/BOSIB043a55b640ad0a7080471ed8bf52a1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/documents1.worldbank.org\/curated\/en\/099925001132337711\/pdf\/BOSIB043a55b640ad0a7080471ed8bf52a1.pdf<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref26\" name=\"_ftn26\">[26]<\/a> Amal Hamada, Melike S\u00f6kmen and Chahir Zaki.Op.cit.p.17<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref27\" name=\"_ftn27\">[27]<\/a> \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637: \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0639\u064a\u062f\u061f\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0640\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0640\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0640\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c 2022\u060c \u06356 \u00a0file:\/\/\/C:\/Users\/Administrator\/Downloads\/MECGA_Policy-Paper_Galip-Dalay-Arabic_Final-Web-1.pdf<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref28\" name=\"_ftn28\">[28]<\/a> Rickli, Jean-Marc, &#8216;The Political Rationale and Implications of the United Arab Emirates\u2019 Military Involvement in Libya&#8217;, in Dag Henriksen, and Ann Karin Larssen (eds), Political Rationale and International Consequences of the War in Libya (Oxford, 2016; online edn, Oxford Academic, 23 June 2016), <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780198767480.003.0008\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780198767480.003.0008<\/a>,<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref29\" name=\"_ftn29\">[29]<\/a> Andrew Lebovich, and Theodore Murphy. \u201cRussia\u2019s long shadow in the Sahel.\u201d European Council on Foreign Relations (ECFR), 13 June 2022. At: <a href=\"https:\/\/ecfr.eu\/article\/russias-long-shadow-in-the-sahel\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/ecfr.eu\/article\/russias-long-shadow-in-the-sahel\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref30\" name=\"_ftn30\">[30]<\/a> Center for Mediterranean Politics and Security (CMPS-MED). 2025. &#8220;Libya: From Fragmentation to Fragile Transitions.&#8221; May 15, 2025. <a href=\"https:\/\/cmps-med.org\/2025\/05\/15\/libya-from-fragmentation-to-fragile-transitions\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/cmps-med.org\/2025\/05\/15\/libya-from-fragmentation-to-fragile-transitions\/<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0645\u062b\u0651\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2011 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0625\u0630 \u0628\u062f\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645\u064a \u2014 \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0632\u062e\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u2014 \u0639\u0627\u062c\u0632\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0642\u062a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0646\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0638\u0651\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629. \u0641\u0628\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0639\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0638\u0644\u0651\u062a \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":7363,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"cybocfi_hide_featured_image":"","iawp_total_views":42,"footnotes":""},"categories":[19],"tags":[],"country":[532],"class_list":["post-7360","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-secu-con-res","country-analyses-ly"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/alafarika.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7360","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/alafarika.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/alafarika.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alafarika.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alafarika.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7360"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/alafarika.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7360\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7369,"href":"https:\/\/alafarika.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7360\/revisions\/7369"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alafarika.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7363"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/alafarika.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7360"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alafarika.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7360"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alafarika.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7360"},{"taxonomy":"country","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alafarika.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/country?post=7360"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}