{"id":5395,"date":"2022-12-08T21:06:34","date_gmt":"2022-12-08T21:06:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/alafarika.com\/ar\/?p=5395"},"modified":"2026-02-11T20:30:34","modified_gmt":"2026-02-11T20:30:34","slug":"sao-tome-principe-beacon-of-democracy-political-unrest","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/alafarika.com\/ar\/5395\/sao-tome-principe-beacon-of-democracy-political-unrest\/","title":{"rendered":"“\u0633\u0627\u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a”: \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a “\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629” \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\u0648\u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0643\u0645 “\u0625\u064a\u0641\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0644\u0648” \u0645\u0646 2016 \u0625\u0644\u0649 2021\u061b \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0641\u064a 18 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648 2021 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0623\u064f\u062c\u0651\u0644\u062a \u062c\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a 5 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2021 \u0645\u0639 \u0641\u0648\u0632 \u0632\u0639\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 “\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0644\u0648\u0633 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0627 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0627” \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0632\u0628 “\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644” (ADI) \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 58 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 “\u062c\u064a\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0631\u0645 \u0628\u0648\u0633\u0631 \u062f\u0627 \u0643\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0627” \u0645\u0646 “\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a – \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a” (MLSTP-PSD)([5]<\/a>).<\/p>\n

\u0648\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 “\u0633\u0627\u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a” \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0628\u062a \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0632\u0628\u064a\u0646: “\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a – \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a” (MLSTP-PSD) \u0648 “\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644” (ADI) \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n

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\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0641 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a 24 \u0648 25 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 2022: “\u062f\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0633” \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0634\u0651\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2021 \u0628\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0645\u0646 “\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a” \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 16.88 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0644\u0641 “\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0631\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0648\u0633\u0631 \u0643\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0627” \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648 “\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0644\u0648\u0633 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0627 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0627” \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0637\u0639\u0646 “\u062f\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0633” \u0641\u064a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b “\u062a\u0632\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631”, \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0641\u0636\u062a \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0647.<\/p>\n

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\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0628\u0629 “32” \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 “\u0633\u0627\u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a”<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

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\u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0623\u0633\u0633\u062a \u0643\u062a\u064a\u0628\u0629 “32” (32 Battalion) \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1975. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0643\u062a\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0629 \u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a, \u0648\u062a\u0623\u0644\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a “\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u063a\u0648\u0644\u0627” (FNLA). \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 1993 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 “\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a” \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1948 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1994\u060c \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0632\u0628 “\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a” \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1994([10]<\/a>).<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u062a\u064a\u0628\u0629 “32” \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062d\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627\u061b \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u062a\u0644\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u063a\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646. \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u063a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u062a\u0651\u064f\u0647\u0650\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0628<\/a> \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 “\u062a\u064a\u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0648 \u0623\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u063a \u0646\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0633\u0648\u063a\u0648” \u0639\u0627\u0645 2004.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0640 “\u0633\u0627\u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a”\u061b \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062c\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0643\u062a\u064a\u0628\u0629 “32” \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a 2003 \u0648 2022 \u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0636\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 “\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u063a\u0648\u0644\u0627” (MPLA) \u0648\u062d\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0639\u0627\u062f \u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1993 \u0644\u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627 \u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 “\u0633\u0627\u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a” \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n

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\u0648\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0646, \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 2022 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u063a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0627 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f. \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0628 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062f.<\/p>\n

\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640<\/p>\n

[1]<\/a> – Sao Tome and Principe. Britannica, available at https:\/\/bit.ly\/3Uxx6GU<\/a><\/p>\n

[2]<\/a> – Freedom In The World 2022: S\u00e3o Tom\u00e9 and Pr\u00edncipe. Freedom House, available at https:\/\/bit.ly\/3F8lZhE<\/a><\/p>\n

[3]<\/a> – S\u00e3o Tom\u00e9 and Pr\u00edncipe. Ibrahim Index of African Governance (IIAG), available at https:\/\/bit.ly\/3EXS8IZ<\/a><\/p>\n

[4]<\/a> – Seibert, G. (2003). The Bloodless Coup of July 2003 in S\u00e3o Tom\u00e9 e Pr\u00edncipe. Lusotopie, 10(1), 245-260.<\/p>\n

[5]<\/a> – Africa News (2021). Opposition candidate Carlos Vila Nova wins Sao Tome presidency: partial results. Available at https:\/\/bit.ly\/3UyGPg2<\/p>\n

[6]<\/a> – Africa News (2022). Sao Tome opposition wins legislative vote. Available at https:\/\/bit.ly\/3HaEq8j<\/p>\n

[7]<\/a> – Forcas Armadas de Sao Tome e Principe, FASTP. Global Security, available at https:\/\/bit.ly\/3XYjkzM<\/p>\n

[8]<\/a> – Sao Tome and Principe government thwarts overnight coup attempt. Reuters, available at https:\/\/reut.rs\/3Y0J4vl<\/p>\n

[9]<\/a> – Euro News (2022). Portugal sends coup investigators to S\u00e3o Tom\u00e9 and Pr\u00edncipe. Available at https:\/\/bit.ly\/3UzRPtq<\/p>\n

[10]<\/a> – Scheepers, M. (2014). Striking Inside Angola with 32 Battalion. Scientia Militaria: South African Journal of Military Studies, 42(1), 139-144.<\/p>\n

[11]<\/a> – Peter Fabricius (2022). S\u00e3o Tom\u00e9 and Pr\u00edncipe\u2019s hidden turbulence. ISS, available at https:\/\/bit.ly\/3EXQIxS<\/p>\n

[12]<\/a> – AFP (2022). Coup allegations a bid to eliminate me, says Sao Tome opponent. Available at https:\/\/bit.ly\/3h1ePns<\/p>\n

[13]<\/a> – Seibert, G. (2003). Coup d’\u00e9tat in S\u00e3o Tom\u00e9 e Pr\u00edncipe: domestic causes, the role of oil and former’Buffalo’Battalion soldiers. Institute for Security Studies Papers, 2003(81), 12.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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