{"id":4822,"date":"2021-08-28T16:43:47","date_gmt":"2021-08-28T16:43:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/theafrikans.com\/?p=4822"},"modified":"2026-02-11T20:26:00","modified_gmt":"2026-02-11T20:26:00","slug":"highway-10-west-african-ports-corruption-mozamboque","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/alafarika.com\/ar\/4822\/highway-10-west-african-ports-corruption-mozamboque\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0646\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 “\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647” \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0643\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627, \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u0636\u064a\u062d\u0629 “\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0629” \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0632\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0642"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

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\u0648\u0647\u0645 “\u062e\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0646\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0633”\u060c \u0648 “\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0644\u0648\u0633 \u0623\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0648 \u0648\u0627\u0647\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0644\u0648 \u0641\u064a\u062c\u0627”\u060c \u0648”\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0648 \u0631\u0648\u0634\u0627 \u062f\u064a\u0644\u062c\u0627\u062f\u0648”\u060c \u0648”\u062c\u064a\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0648 \u062f\u0648\u0633 \u0633\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0633 \u0623\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0633”\u060c \u0648”\u0647\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0648 \u062f\u064a \u062c\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0633 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u0646\u0634\u064a\u0632” \u0648”\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u062e\u0627\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0631\u0648” \u0648 “\u0643\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0648 \u062c\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0633 \u0644\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0632 \u062f\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0627”.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 30 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 15 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062c\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0633\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a 31 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631. \u0648\u0644\u0644\u062a\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0636\u0631 \u0633\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062d\u0643\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0631\u0624\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1975\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0649 “\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u063a\u0627\u0645\u064a” \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062b\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0638\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 “\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0635\u0648\u0644\u062d\u0648” \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u064a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u0649 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0633\u062a\u0639\u0637\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0626\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u062e\u0637 \u0633\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0644\u0641 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0629 1.3 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0643\u0627\u063a\u0627\u0645\u064a – \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a- “\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0628\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0632\u062f\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646\u0646\u0627”. \u00a0\u0634\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u00a0\u0642\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062b\u064a\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0634\u0631\u0639\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0643 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0631 \u0648\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0632\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062f\u064a\u0648\u060c \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0644\u062d\u0638\u0631 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 “\u0634\u0648\u0645\u064a\u062a \u062c\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0648” \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a (INSA) \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062f\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062b\u064a\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u062a\u062c\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0643 \u0635\u0631\u062d\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0632\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062b\u064a\u0648\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0647\u0631 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 \u0642\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0640\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 (INSA) \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u0636\u064a\u062d\u0629 “\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0629” \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0632\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0642<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0633\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u062c\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0628\u0648\u062a\u0648\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0629 “\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062a\u0631\u0629” -\u0648\u0647\u064a \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0633\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0632\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u063a\u0631\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062d\u0631\u062c\u062a \u0643\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646- \u00a0\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 19 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0636 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0631\u0648\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0634\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0641\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a 2013 \u0648 2014\u060c \u062d\u0635\u0644\u062a \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0632\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u2013 “”ProIndicus \u0648 “Ematum” \u0648 “Mam” – \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0631\u0648\u0636 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 1.76 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u064a\u0648\u0631\u0648\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0642\u0631\u0648\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0643\u0631\u064a\u062f\u064a\u062a \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0633 “Credit Suisse” \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a (VTB) \u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643 \u0648\u0623\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0636 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646\u060c \u0644\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u063a\u0637\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0641\u0633\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0646\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0623\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0648 \u0625\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0648 \u063a\u0648\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0632\u0627 “\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0628\u064a \u063a\u0648\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0632\u0627”\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 “\u063a\u0631\u064a\u063a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0648 \u0644\u064a\u0627\u0648”.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u064a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0632\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2016\u0645 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0634\u0641\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0645- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0646- \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u062d\u064a\u0647. \u0648\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u00a0\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642 \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u00a0\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0642\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0644\u062a\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0645\u0627\u0628\u0648\u062a\u0648 \u0639\u0646 \u0633\u062f\u0627\u062f \u062f\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0648\u0623\u00a0 \u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1975.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0632\u0639\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0628 \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0644\u0651\u0649 \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0632\u0627\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0627<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u062a\u0648\u0644\u0649 “\u0647\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u062f\u064a \u0647\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627<\/a>” \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0639\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a 59 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0623\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0641\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062d\u0634\u062f \u063a\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u064a\u0636\u0645 -\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635- \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u00a0\u0648\u062a\u062c\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0625\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062e\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a 12 \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 \/ \u0622\u0628 \u0628\u0644\u063a 71 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0635\u0637\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0623\u062e\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0632\u0627\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0627 “\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0634\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0637” \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u064a\u0646 “\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0629”\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u062d\u0630\u0631 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0628\u064a \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 “\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0636\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0643\u0633” \u0644\u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 “\u0627\u0644\u0637\u063a\u0627\u0629” \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 “\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631” \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0639\u062f 11 \u0633\u0646\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0641\u0627 \u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062d\u0645\u062f\u0648\u0643\u060c \u0628\u062c\u0648\u0628\u0627 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0643\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0648\u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646, \u064a\u0642\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0641\u062a\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629\u061b \u062c\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0646\u0643\u060c \u0645\u0631\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645-\u0637\u0645\u0633\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0627-\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0643\u060c \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621 1 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2021 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0646. \u0639\u0637\u0641\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0636\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u00a0\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0641\u0629 (The EastAfrican).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u0648\u0644\u0644\u062a\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0631\u061b \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0637\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 2000 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0647\u062f \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0629 2011 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u062e\u0630 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0644\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0641\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0624\u0642\u062a \u0641\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2016\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u062a\u0634\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0633<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0642\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u060c \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0642\u0631\u0631\u062a \u0633\u062d\u0628 600 \u062c\u0646\u062f\u064a\u061b \u0623\u064a \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u062c\u0646\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0639\u062f\u062f\u0647\u0645 1200 \u060c \u0645\u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0648\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u0627\u0633\u0648 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u062c\u0631\u060c \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u062d\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644\u060c \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0631\u0627\u0644 “\u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u063a\u0648\u0646\u0627”<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0648\u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0633\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644 600 \u062c\u0646\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0634\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0639 \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0646\u0632\u0639 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a “\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0625\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u062f\u064a\u0628\u064a” \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0624\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645. \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0627\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0625\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u062f\u064a\u0628\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0641\u062a\u062d \u0642\u0646\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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